Sample Material of UPSC Mains Philosophy (Optional) Study Kit
Topic: Socio Political Philosophy (Aristotles Theory of Justice)
Realist—Philosopher Ethics
Politics forms the most important part. Aristotle gave much emphasis to the practice aspects of Justice, though he talks of universal and particular. So Aristotle philosophy has a time of Justice.
Universal and Particular Justice
It is the ideal from of Justice which means that each individual while dealing with other fellow mates should base his conduct on the principles of loyality.
When the universal Justice is applied in practical sense, it is called particular Justice. It is of two types Retributive and Distributive Justice. Retributive Justice is corrective or remedial in nature. The purpose of retributive justice is to remove some injustice.
It is related to voluntary and involuntary relations. Voluntary relations are contractual relations where the consent of concerned party is required. Involuntary relations are not based on the consent stealing, theft, etc. Retributive Justice is based on the principle of absolute equality. Perfect equality means treating all individual similarly.
Therefore retributive justice is based on Arithmetic Progression and Principle of equidistance.
Retributive Justice comes under the jurisdiction of Judge.