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History : Mughal Society, Culature & Religion
Mughal Architecture
Babar
Though Babur is known to have commissioned the construction of several
monuments, he was more fond of gardens.
Babur issued instructions that gardens and orchards be laid out in all large
cities in his domains.
Humayun
- Humayun laid the foundation of the city Din Panah at Delhi.
- Humayun’s tomb is called the proto type of Taj Mahal. It has a double dome of marble, while the central dome is octagonal. It was built by his widow Haji Begum.
- The garden and the gateway are to be found in all Mughal-style tombs.
Sher Shah
- Sher- Shah probably complete’ the fort and also built the Qala-i-Kuhna mosque within its precincts, Also attributed to Sher Shah is the huge mausoleum of his father at Sasaram in Bihar.
- Sher Shah constructed his own mausoleum at Sasaram, which was then the largest tomb in India.
Akbar
- Building’s built by Akbar are Agra Fort (1565), Lahore Palace (1572), Fatehpur Sikri’, Buland Darwaza and Allahabad Fort (1583).
- The architecture at Fatehpur Sikri is an excellent blending of Persian, Central Asian and various Indian (Bengal and Gujarat) styles . It is also known as Epic poem in red sandstone.
- Indian tradition includes deep eaves, balconies and Kiosks. Central Asian Style is evident in the use of glazed blue tiles.
- Two unusual buildings at Fatehpur Sikri are Panch Mahal & Diwan-i-Khas
- The Panch Mahal has the plan of Buddhist Vihara.
- The Jodhabai’s Palace, Diwan-i-Aam, Diwan-i-Khas are Indian in their plan.
- Buland Darwaja (built after Gujarat victory), formed the main entrance to Fatehpur Sikri. It is built in the Iranian style of half dome portal.
- Salim Chisti’s tomb (redone in Marble by Jahangir is the first Mughal building in Pure marble), palaces of Birbal, Anup Talao, Mariyam Mahal are also inside the Fatehpur Sikri.
- He built the Jahangiri Mahal in Agra fort according to Hindu design based on Man Mandir.
- Haroon Minor—Tower built by Akbar in memory of his elephant (Haroon).
- He also began to build his own tomb at Sikandara which, was later
completed by Jahangir.
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