Sample Material of UPSC Mains Philosophy (Optional) Study Kit
Topic: Socio Political Philosophy (Corresponding Theory)
Metaphysics of Humanism
Metaphysics of Humanism is based on their epistemology. Humanism believes in material. Regarding the origin of consciousness, it support the accidentalism. It rejects notions of god and other supra religious entities.
Regarding creation of this world, they support scientific theory of evolution.
Ethics of Humanism
Humanism supports morality but it rejects religious morality and believes in secular morality. Therefore they support moral values of secularism, gender and racial equality.
For most of them, criteria of morality is welfare of humanity and its source is reason.